Theory & Concepts
SSC CGL Discount and Marked Price Questions, Tricks & Formulas
Prepare Discount and Marked Price for SSC CGL with formulas, short tricks, solved examples, practice questions, PYQs, and free PDF notes for faster exam preparation.
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Practice Notes
22 min readDifficulty: Intermediate
Understanding discount and marked price is essential for solving commercial math questions in the Ssc cgl exam. Mastering this topic ensures 2-3 accurate answers in the quant section.
Learning path
- Defining marked price & discount
- Successive discount formula
- The cp, sp, mp bridge
- 10 standard solved problems
1. Core concepts
Marked price (mp) is the list price quoted on an item.
2. The cp - mp relationship
3. Solved examples
Question 01Standard pattern
An article is marked 40% above the cost price. If a discount of 20% is allowed on the mp, what is the profit percentage?
12%
15%
20%
25%
Correct answer: a) 12%
Solution
Let cp be \( 100 \) units.
Find mp: \( 100 + 40\% = 140 \) units.
Calculate discount: \( 20\% \text{ of } 140 = 28 \) units.
Find sp: \( 140 - 28 = 112 \) units.
Result: Profit = \( 112 - 100 = 12\% \).
Question 02Standard pattern
Find the single discount equivalent to two successive discounts of 20% and 10%.
28%
30%
25%
32%
Correct answer: a) 28%
Solution
Identify: \( x = 20, y = 10 \).
Apply formula: \( x + y - \frac{xy}{100} \).
Substitute: \( 20 + 10 - \frac{200}{100} \).
Final calculation: \( 30 - 2 = 28\% \).
Question 03Standard pattern
A shopkeeper allows a 25% discount on the marked price and still makes a 20% profit. If he gains rs. 450 on the sale of the article, find the marked price.
rs. 3600
rs. 3000
rs. 4000
rs. 3200
Correct answer: a) rs. 3600
Solution
20% profit = \( rs. 450 \).
Cost price (cp): \( 450 \times 5 = rs. 2250 \).
Selling price (sp): \( 2250 + 450 = rs. 2700 \).
Marked price (mp): \( \frac{2700}{0.75} = rs. 3600 \).
Question 04Standard pattern
Buy 3 Get 1 Free is equivalent to what percentage of discount?
25%
33.33%
20%
50%
Correct answer: a) 25%
Solution
Total items: \( 3 + 1 = 4 \).
Free items: \( 1 \).
Discount: \( \frac{1}{4} \times 100 = 25\% \).
Question 05Standard pattern
A merchant marks his goods such that he can give a 10% discount and still make a 26% profit. If the cost price is rs. 800, find the marked price.
rs. 1120
rs. 1000
rs. 1200
rs. 1100
Correct answer: a) rs. 1120
Solution
Use ratio: \( \frac{CP}{MP} = \frac{100 - D}{100 + P} \).
Substitute: \( \frac{800}{MP} = \frac{90}{126} \).
Cross-multiply: \( MP = \frac{800 \times 126}{90} \).
Final mp: \( rs. 1120 \).
Question 06Standard pattern
A shopkeeper sells an item at a 10% discount on mp and still gains 20%. If she sells it at a 20% discount on mp, what would be her gain percentage?
6.66%
8%
10%
5%
Correct answer: a) 6.66%
Solution
Bridge: \( \frac{CP}{MP} = \frac{90}{120} = \frac{3}{4} \).
Assume: \( CP = 300, MP = 400 \).
New condition (20% discount): \( SP = 400 - 80 = 320 \).
Gain: \( \frac{320 - 300}{300} \times 100 = 6.66\% \).
Question 07Standard pattern
The marked price of a watch is rs. 1600. After two successive discounts, it is sold for rs. 1224. If the first discount is 10%, find the second discount percentage.
15%
12%
20%
18%
Correct answer: a) 15%
Solution
Price after 1st discount: \( 1600 - 10\% = rs. 1440 \).
2nd discount value: \( 1440 - 1224 = rs. 216 \).
2nd discount percentage: \( \frac{216}{1440} \times 100 = 15\% \).
Question 08Standard pattern
A trader marks his goods 20% above the cost price but allows a discount of 5% for cash payment. Find his net profit percentage.
14%
15%
12%
10%
Correct answer: a) 14%
Solution
Let \( CP = 100 \). Then \( MP = 120 \).
Discount: \( 5\% \text{ of } 120 = 6 \).
Selling price: \( 120 - 6 = 114 \).
Profit: \( 14\% \).
Question 09Standard pattern
If the marked price of an item is rs. 500 and the shopkeeper offers a 'Buy 4 Get 1 Free' deal, what is the effective selling price per item for the customer?
rs. 400
rs. 420
rs. 380
rs. 450
Correct answer: a) rs. 400
Solution
Total cost for client: \( 500 \times 4 = rs. 2000 \).
Total items received: \( 5 \).
Effective price: \( \frac{2000}{5} = rs. 400 \).
Question 010Standard pattern
At what percent above the cost price should a shopkeeper mark his goods so that after allowing a 10% discount, he earns a 20% gain?
33.33%
30%
25%
40%
Correct answer: a) 33.33%
Solution
Ratio: \( \frac{MP}{CP} = \frac{100 + 20}{100 - 10} = \frac{120}{90} = \frac{4}{3} \).
Markup: \( 1 \text{ extra on } 3 \).
Percentage: \( \frac{1}{3} \times 100 = 33.33\% \).
